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The CTS Serial Port Utilities (TM)
User Guide
Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc
Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
(c) Copyright 1993-1994 Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
All Rights Reserved.
No part of this User Guide may be reproduced, transmitted,
transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any
language (natural or computer), in any form or by any means,
without the prior written permission of Computer
Telecommunication Systems, Inc. See the accompanying files
VENDOR.DOC, LICENSE.DOC, and SYSOP.DOC for specific information
pertaining to distribution of this shareware version of the User
Guide.
Information in this User Guide is subject to change without
notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of
Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc. may make improvements
and/or changes in the User Guide and/or in Serial Port Utilities
at any time.
Trademarks and Copyrights
IBM(R) and PS/2(R) are registered trademarks of International
Business Machines Corporation.
Hayes(R) is a registered trademark of Hayes Microcomputer
Products, Inc.
The CTS Serial Port Utilities(TM), SwapIRQ(TM), and AT Command
Test(TM) are trademarks of Computer Telecommunication Systems,
Inc.
MSD is an application distributed by Microsoft Corporation
T/Port(TM) and Telcor(TM) are trademarks of Telcor Systems
Corporation.
Other names listed in this User Guide are the proprietary
trademarks of their respective companies.
Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
3847 Foxwood Road, Suite 1000
Duluth, Georgia USA 30136
404-263-8623 (voice)
404-263-0124 (fax)
CompuServe ID:76662,2315
ii
Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Registration Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Personal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Personal PLUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Professional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Professional PLUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Association Of Shareware Professionals Member . . . . . . . . x
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
1.0 Introducing The CTS Serial Port Utilities . . . . . . . . 1
PORTINFO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
BUFFER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
COM_BPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
COM_FMT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
DOS_COM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
DOS_SWAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
DTR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
IRQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
RESETCOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
RTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.0 Short Instructions (Quick-Start) . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.0 The Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Serial Port Number Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
On / Off Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Parameter Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Option Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.0 Defining Non-Standard Serial Ports . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5.0 Testing Your System With PortInfo . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Test All Serial Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Test One Serial Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Quick Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Log File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Network Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
The PortInfo Summary Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Port Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Port Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Interrupt (IRQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
IRQ (Out2) Enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
DOS uses port as . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Type of Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Buffer - Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Port Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Speed (BPS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Bits / Character . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
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Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
Parity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Stop Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Hardware Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Clear to Send . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Data Set Ready . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Ring Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Data Carrier Detect . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Data Terminal Ready . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Request to Send . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.0 The Other Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
BUFFER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
COM_FMT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
COM_BPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
DOS_COM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
DOS_SWAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
DTR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
IRQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
RESETCOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
RTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7.0 PortInfo FAILURE and WARNING Messages . . . . . . . . . . 31
Interrupt Conflicts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Message PI-2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Message PI-2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Message PI-2100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Message PI-2110 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
You have multiple ports at the same address . 33
You have another device using the same
interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Your system will not let you share this
interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Message PI-2200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Message PI-2300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Port Conflicts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Message PI-3000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Message PI-3100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Mouse Conflicts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Message PI-4000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
DOS Port Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Message PI-5000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Message PI-5010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Message PI-5020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Message PI-5030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Message PI-5040 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Other CTS Software Detected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Message PI-6000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
8.0 Customer Support Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
9.0 About Computer Telecommunication Systems . . . . . . . . 43
AT Command Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
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Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
SwapIRQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
MouseOFF and MouseON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Serial Cards (Comm Ports) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Cables / Adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Custom Programming Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
New Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
v
Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
Registration Options
====================
Four different registration options are available:
** Personal **
--------------
This is the most economical registration for a single user. If you need
to use (or used) the SPU to diagnose a problem with your personal
computer, then this is the license for you. By registering, you obtain
personalized support to assist you with trouble-shooting your computer.
Details are provided in the User Guide section titled "Customer Support
Policy". As part of this license, you also receive:
* 30 minutes of personal assistance with your serial port problems.
* The most current version of the CTS Serial Port Utilities.
* A FREE CompuServe IntroPak which gets you online with CompuServe
without the regular signup fee plus a $15 usage credit.
* FREE minor version updates.
* Announcements about major updates. You will receive a FREE upgrade
to any major update within 6 months of your registration.
The license provided with this option allows the registered user to use
the SPU on any computer personally owned by the registered user.
** Personal PLUS **
-------------------
This registration option provides all of the benefits above plus:
* A printed copy of the attractive 85 page, 8.5 x 11" User Guide,
including 30 pages of introductory and reference information not
included in the electronic manual. This additional information
includes serial port basics, types of serial ports, when and why
you need a 16550A UART, how and when you can share interrupts
between serial ports, details of the RS-232 interface, cable
wiring, and how IRQ 2 and IRQ 9 are used.
* A FREE upgrade to any major update within *12* months of your
registration.
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Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
* up to *60* minutes of personal assistance with your serial port
problems.
* The MouseOn and MouseOff utilities. The "mouse utilities" allow a
mouse and a modem to share the same interrupt when running under
DOS.
The license provided with this option allows the registered user to use
the SPU on any computer personally owned by the registered user.
** Professional **
------------------
This license is for consultants and corporate support specialists who
routinely deal with a multiple computers. Treat the SPU like your
screwdriver - that is, as long as it is in your possession and not
"left" (installed) at any other machine, you are in compliance with the
license. Only one individual is authorized to call for support.
This license option provides all of the benefits described above, plus:
* A *new* bonus utility "FindCOM" which locates any serial port
installed in the computer system. This utility does a passive
search of the I/O address area to find any 8250 compatible serial
port at *any* address. A very handy utility for those "unknown"
machines.
* Up to *90* minutes of technical support (one authorized caller per
license)
* Allows use of the SPU on multiple computers AS LONG AS the SPU is
ONLY used on ONE COMPUTER AT A TIME. Site licenses are available
for situations where multiple installed copies are required.
** Professional PLUS **
-----------------------
Includes everything in the Professional License, PLUS:
* A "toolkit copy" of the CTS SwapIRQ(tm) utility. SwapIRQ is our
$29.95 (retail) DOS utility that lets DOS applications use any IRQ
supported by a serial port or modem. A very handy utility for those
situations where an IRQ conflict could be resolved *if* a software
application could just use a different IRQ. Now it can!
SwapIRQ is a TSR which uses 784 bytes of memory and redirects
hardware-generated IRQs to the IRQ the software uses. SwapIRQ runs in
DOS, or in a DOS box under Windows and OS/2.
Note: each installed copy of SwapIRQ requires an additional license.
Multicopy discounts and site licenses are available if required. Contact
CTS for details.
vii
SPU Version 1.3 LICENSE REGISTRATION FORM
Name: _________________________________________________________
Daytime telephone: __________________ Evening: _______________
Fax Number: _________________ CompuServe ID: _______________
Company Name: _________________________________________________
Address: ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
ALL ORDERS - Choose format: 5.25" ____ 3.5" ____
QTY Description Unit Price Subtotal
=== =========== ========== ========
___ Personal $20.00 $________
___ Personal PLUS $35.00 $________
___ Professional $59.00 $________
___ Professional PLUS $79.00 $________
Sales Tax: Georgia residents add 5% $________
Shipping: $ 4.00
TOTAL (US dollars, please) $________
PAYMENT METHOD: Cash __ Check __ Money Order __
Visa __ MasterCard __ Discover __
=================================================================
CREDIT CARD INFORMATION
=================================================================
Name as it appears on the card: _________________________________
Card No. ________ ________ ________ ________ Expires ___/___
Cardholder signature: ___________________________________________
=================================================================
SEND TO
=================================================================
Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
3847 Foxwood Road, Suite 1000
Duluth, Georgia 30136-6100 USA
404-263-8623 (Voice)
404-263-0124 (FAX)
CompuServe: 76662,2315
Internet:76662.2315@compuserve.com
NOTE: Prices are subject to change without notice
Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
USERS OF THIS SOFTWARE MUST ACCEPT THIS DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY:
THIS SOFTWARE IS SUPPLIED AS IS. COMPUTER TELECOMMUNICATION
SYSTEMS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH
RESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE AND THE ACCOMPANYING WRITTEN MATERIALS.
NO LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL
COMPUTER TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES
FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF
BUSINESS INFORMATION, OR OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS) ARISING OUT OF THE
USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THIS COMPUTER TELECOMMUNICATION
SYSTEMS PRODUCT, EVEN IF COMPUTER TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS HAS
BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. BECAUSE SOME
STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR
CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT
APPLY TO YOU.
ix
Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
Association Of Shareware Professionals Member
=============================================
_______
____|__ | (R)
--| | |-------------------
| ____|__ | Association of
| | |_| Shareware
|__| o | Professionals
-----| | |---------------------
|___|___| MEMBER
This program is produced by a member of the Association of
Shareware Professionals (ASP). ASP wants to make sure that the
shareware principle works for you. If you are unable to resolve a
shareware-related problem with an ASP member by contacting the
member directly, ASP may be able to help. The ASP Ombudsman can
help you resolve a dispute or problem with an ASP member, but
does not provide technical support for members' products. Please
write to the ASP Ombudsman at 545 Grover Road, Muskegon, MI
49442-9427 USA, FAX 616-788-2765 or send a CompuServe message via
CompuServe Mail to ASP Ombudsman 70007,3536.
x
Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
Acknowledgments
I wish to express my very special thanks to the following
individuals who made this application possible. The CTS Serial
Port Utilities would not exist today without their suggestions,
assistance, and, most importantly, the time they invested in
testing the thirty or so iterations of the SPU during the six
month BETA test program.
David Bittner, who received, tested, and reported back on
more iterations of the SPU than I had a right to expect of
anyone!
Dan Landiss, who identified an internal modem which the SPU
didn't like...and hung in there running tests until I got it
right!
Earle Robinson, who really has the knack for product
testing. He broke some of the early versions of the SPU more
often and faster than anyone!
And, finally, Tom Wason, who wrote a six page letter filled
with suggestions and comments. I had to agree with
everything he said! Tom...if you mentioned it, it's here!
In addition, there were individuals too numerous to list who
tested at least one version of the SPU and reported back
suggestions or verified that known problems were fixed. To each
of you, my thanks!
xi
Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
1.0 Introducing The CTS Serial Port Utilities
Serial ports (also known as comm ports) are painless when they
work, and a pain in the neck when they don't. They have plenty of
options and limitations. They need a unique address, an inactive
IRQ, and software which is properly configured to use it. No
wonder nearly everyone gets confused by serial ports.
The CTS Serial Port Utilities (SPU) is a collection of DOS
software utilities that provide you with control over the serial
ports in your computer. Most serial port problems can be resolved
by using these utilities. Each of the utilities support all
standard and any user-defined serial ports. User-defined ports
are defined in the command line or in your system environment
variables.
Why "Oh, NO! NOT ANOTHER?" serial port utility? Well, several
good reasons come to mind. The first is that there were a lot of
things still not done by other utilities. Can you name one which
detects multiple serial ports installed at the same address
(other than the SPU?) Or one that tells you when your monitor
will cause problems if you use COM4? Want to know what the
current receiver trigger level is in your 16550A serial port?
Better use the SPU program PortInfo to find out! Nothing else out
there today will tell you! The SPU even detects the T/Port
serial card, and identifies some internal modems that have
"emulated UARTs".
More reasons? We spent a lot of time reviewing the utilities that
were out before SPU, and didn't find one that was both good and
full-featured. There were a few that were very good for limited
applications, but didn't properly test IRQ assignments, or were
limited in the serial ports they supported, or....well, you get
the idea. It just seemed like it was time for a common set of
utilities that tied everything together.
So the CTS Serial Port Utilities came into being. The utilities
all share a common command line interface, and they all use a
common set of environment variables you can set to define non-
standard serial ports. The SPU contains the following programs:
1.1 PORTINFO
PortInfo is a comprehensive utility which tests your system
to determine everything possible about your serial ports,
including interrupt and address conflicts. PortInfo provides
you with FAILURE and WARNING messages about actual and
possible conflicts.
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Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
PortInfo provides details on the following:
* Multiple serial ports at the same address (eg, 2 Com1
ports)
* Interrupt conflicts between a bus mouse and a serial
port
* Shared interrupts (2 serial ports, or a serial port and
a serial mouse sharing an IRQ)
* Conflicts COM4 and 8514/A compatible monitors
* Unusual default serial port setups (BIOS and DOS port
assignments)
* Serial ports that cannot generate interrupts
* Helps to determine when interrupts can be shared
Other information provided:
* Actual IRQ used by each port and the current IRQ status
* DOS port assignments (com1-com4, mouse)
* Port (UART) Identification (8250, 8250A/16450, 16550,
16550A, the T/Port, and some "emulated UARTs"
* FIFO status: If it exists, on / off, else 'None'
* If the FIFO is ON, the current FIFO receiver trigger
level is displayed.
* All programmable port parameters: speed, format,
parity, current RTS and DTR settings
* Current status of modem lines: Ring Indicator, Carrier
Detect, Clear to Send, Data Set Ready, with indication
of when the lines are tied together (looped back).
Other features:
* Ports are COMPLETELY restored to their original
settings
* Supports standard serial ports 1-4 on PC/AT, 1-8 on
PS/2
* Supports up to 8 user definable (port address and IRQ)
serial ports
* Displays detailed messages about conflicts with
reference numbers to assist looking up the detailed
assistance in the section titled "PortInfo FAILURE and
WARNING Messages".
1.2 BUFFER
Buffer allows you to control the FIFO buffers in a 16550A or
compatible UART. You can turn the buffers on and off, and
set the receiver trigger level. See the section titled
"Testing Your Software with PortInfo...Buffer-Trigger" for
more information on UART FIFO receiver trigger levels.
2
Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
1.3 COM_BPS
COM_BPS allows you to set a port data rate (in bits per
second, or BPS) to any standard value supported by the
serial port. This utility is normally used as a replacement
for the DOS set mode command.
1.4 COM_FMT
COM_FMT allows you to set a port character format to any
standard value supported by the serial port. This utility is
normally used with COM_BPS as a replacement for the DOS mode
command.
1.5 DOS_COM
You can use DOS_COM to insert a serial port in the list of
ports used by DOS.
1.6 DOS_SWAP
You can use DOS_SWAP to exchange two serial ports in the
list of ports used by DOS.
1.7 DTR
DTR gives you command line control of the Data Terminal
Ready (DTR) line of any serial port.
1.8 IRQ
IRQ allows you to enable and disable the interrupts from any
serial port.
1.9 RESETCOM
ResetCom resets a port to a "power-up" configuration: Port
interrupts are disabled, data rate is set to 2400 bps,
character format to eight data bits, no parity, one stop
bit. If the port is a 16550A family device, then the buffers
(FIFOs) are disabled. This utility will often restore a port
that doesn't work after running an ill-behaved application.
3
Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
1.10 RTS
RTS gives you command line control of the Request to Send
(RTS) line of any serial port.
4
Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
2.0 Short Instructions (Quick-Start)
Each of the utilities provides a short help screen when you enter
the program name followed immediately by the return key. Users
with a network card installed should refer to the section titled
"Network Considerations" under "Testing Your System With
PortInfo". This help screen includes a brief description of what
each utility does and the valid command line switches used to
control it. For example, if you wanted to see the help screen for
PortInfo, you would enter:
PortInfo <Enter>
After reading the help screen, you might decide to do the
basic system test with the command:
PortInfo /0 <Enter>
NOTE: This only works for standard serial port addresses.
Refer to the following documentation for information on how
to test serial ports located at any address.
We've occasionally observed situations with internal modems that
require the computer to have a hard reset before running PortInfo
to obtain correct results. If you observe a problem where
PortInfo does not detect an internal modem or the IRQ used by the
modem, then either turn your computer off and back on to perform
a hard reset, or, if your computer has a RESET button, press it.
Then try running PortInfo again.
NOTE: a soft reset (control-alt-delete) is not sufficient to
reset these modems to a state where PortInfo can recognize them.
You must do a "hard reset" as described above.
5
Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
6
Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
3.0 The Command Line
The Serial Port Utilities are controlled by "command line
switches" that you enter on the command line. Command line
switches are program options that you place on the command line.
Each option is preceded by a slash character "/". These
"switches" control the SPU software the way a hardware switch
controls the options on a board.
The standard command line format is:
Program_Name /switch1 /switch2 ... <Enter>
For each of the utilities, you can enter either the program name
by itself or with a "/? command line switch" to display a brief
description of the utility and the switches used to control it.
For example, both of the following commands will display the help
screen for PortInfo:
PortInfo /? <Enter>
or
PortInfo <Enter>
where <Enter> means you should press the Enter or Return key.
There are some general rules for the command line switches:
1. You may enter the command line switches in any order UNLESS a
fixed sequence is defined for a particular utility.
2. You can enter the command line switches as uppercase or
lowercase letters.
3. You may optionally leave one space between different values in
a single command line switch.
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Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
To demonstrate, the following commands all do the same thing (it
sets the data rate to 9600 bps for COM1):
COM_BPS /1 /S9600 <Enter>
com_BPS /s 9600 /1 <Enter>
com_bps /1 /S 9600 <Enter>
com_bps /1/s9600 <Enter>
CoM_BpS/1/s9600 <Enter>
Choose a format to use that is comfortable for you. You will
receive a format error message if you enter a string the utility
doesn't understand.
There are four formats of switches in addition to the help
switch:
3.1 Serial Port Number Switches
Each of the utilities can work on a defined serial port
specified as a number, or on all serial ports that are
standard of defined for the CTS Serial Port Utilities (see
the next chapter for instructions on how to define a non-
standard port.)
The command line switch for port assignments is simply a "/"
(the switch command) followed by the port number. For
example, to run PortInfo on serial port one, you would
enter:
PortInfo /1 <Enter>
Specifying serial port zero (a non-existent port) will cause
the utility, to operate on all of the serial ports. For
example, to run PortInfo on all standard and user-defined
serial ports, you would enter the command:
PortInfo /0 <Enter>
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Copyright 1993-1994, Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc.
3.2 On / Off Switches
Some utilities control a serial port function that is turned
on or off. For example, to turn "On" the DTR line for serial
port 2, you enter:
DTR /on /2 <Enter> -OR-
DTR /ON /2 <Enter> -OR-
DTR /2 /On <Enter>
Remember, they all do the same thing!
To turn a function off, you use the "/Off" switch rather
than "/On".
3.3 Parameter Switches
There are a number of these switches which you use to enter
a value. One example was shown above when we set the port
data rate to 9600 bps with the "/Sspeed" parameter switch.
Parameter switches are also used to define a non-standard
serial port, to set port formats, receive trigger levels for
a 16550A fifo, and to define a particular interrupt (IRQ) to
use. Check the help screen for each utility to see which
parameter switches are used.
3.4 Option Switches
These are three option switches used in PortInfo to control
how it operates. The switch "/Q" instructs PortInfo to do a
Quick test, and "/L" causes a Log file named "PORTINFO.LOG"
to be created containing an copy of all messages displayed
to the screen. The "/X" switch allows you to eXclude IRQs
("/XIi") and port addresses ("/XAaaa" or "/XAaaa-bbb") from
the PortInfo test. See the Section "Testing Your System With
PortInfo" for details.
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4.0 Defining Non-Standard Serial Ports
The CTS Serial Port Utilities will work with any serial port on
any interrupt (IRQ). However, if you have serial ports other than
the standard COM1-COM4, then you have to tell the SPU where the
ports are (that is, what address the port is installed on.) You
have two different ways to do this:
1. you can run each of the utilities using the serial port
address switch "/Aaaa", where "aaa" is the first address location
(the "base address") used by the serial port
2. you can define a system environment variable for each non-
standard serial port that will make the ports available to the
SPU via port numbers.
The CTS SPU recognizes an environment variable with the following
format:
CTSCOMn= /Aaaa
where:
"n" is the serial port number you are assigning to the Com
port
"aaa" is the first address location (the "base address") for
the serial port
NOTE: Make sure there is NO space between the com port number and
the "="
You define an environment variable with the DOS "SET" command,
which you can enter at the DOS command line or place into a batch
file (such as your AUTOEXEC.BAT file.) You DOS manual provides
documentation on the SET command.
Examples:
1. Define a port at base address 1E0 (hexadecimal) as COM5:
CTSCOM5= /A1E0
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2. Define a port at base address 2E0 as COM6:
CTSCOM6= /a 2E0
Using these two examples, you may now access the two non-standard
serial ports as COM5 and COM6 in all utilities of the SPU. These
serial ports will also be used by any utility that is used with
the "/0" (all ports) command line.
NOTE: The CTSCOMn environment variables are not used by any other
applications except SwapIRQ, another CTS product which allows DOS
software to use any IRQ.
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5.0 Testing Your System With PortInfo
The first thing to do after installing the Serial Port Utilities
is to run PortInfo to do a full system test. If you have a mouse,
make sure that your mouse driver is loaded. PortInfo will
discover many common problems with your serial ports, including:
* multiple ports installed at the same address
* interrupt conflicts with other devices
* conflicts between your mouse and serial ports
* identifies which serial ports are sharing an interrupt
* identifies serial ports which are not able to generate an
interrupt
* possible problems with the DOS definitions for the serial
ports
* Identifies some displays which conflict with the standard
COM4 serial port
PortInfo will only run from DOS, not from a DOS session within
Windows or OS/2, or under DesqView. These operating environments
prevent the PortInfo utility from directly testing the serial
ports. If you are running Windows, you will need to exit to DOS
before running PortInfo. If you are running OS/2, you will need
to re-boot your system to run DOS before starting PortInfo.
If you have a network card installed, you may temporarily lose
your network connection after running PortInfo. You need to log
out and then back in to the network to re-establish the
connection. See the discussion on "Network Considerations" later
in this section for details on how to avoid this problem.
The summary screen provides information about the type of UART
used in the serial port and the current settings for the port.
You want to pay particular attention to the FAILURE and WARNING
messages that appear the first time you run PortInfo. All
messages and the summary screen can be captured to a "log file"
for later use or reference.
PortInfo reports a FAILURE message when there is a problem
detected with your system that will prevent correct operation.
Failures are typically reported for conflicts between a serial
port and another serial port or device.
A WARNING message is reported by PortInfo when there is no
immediate problem that you have to fix, but there is a situation
that could lead to a problem if you are not careful. For example,
if you have two different serial ports using the same interrupt,
a WARNING will be reported. If you are careful, you can usually
share the IRQ between the ports - BUT the potential for a problem
exists.
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Both warning and failure messages have a message number. Save the
message number(s) for reference to the section titled "PortInfo
FAILURE and WARNING Messages". You will find each message
explained in more detail with a description of the most common
solutions for the problem.
We've occasionally observed situations with internal modems that
require the computer to have a hard reset before running PortInfo
to obtain correct results. If you observe a problem where
PortInfo does not detect an internal modem or the IRQ used by the
modem, then either turn your computer off and back on to perform
a hard reset, or, if your computer has a RESET button, press it.
Then try running PortInfo again.
NOTE: a soft reset (control-alt-delete) is not sufficient to
reset these modems to a state where PortInfo can recognize them.
You must do a "hard reset" as described above.
5.1 Test All Serial Ports
To start PortInfo to do a complete test of all ports, enter
the following command:
C:> PortInfo /0 <Enter>
This tells PortInfo to do a full test of all standard serial
ports (remember, /0 is the command for all ports), and all
non-standard serial ports you have defined using the CTSCOMn
environment variables for the CTS Serial port Utilities.
NOTE: If you have a non-standard serial port installed, it
will not be tested unless you have defined a CTSCOMn
environment variable.
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5.2 Test One Serial Port
You can also have PortInfo test only a single serial port.
You can tell PortInfo to test a single serial port in two
different ways. One way is to specify the serial port number
you want to test. For example, the following command will
test COM2:
C:> PortInfo /2 <Enter>
You can also test a serial port by specifying the serial
port address. This is the only way you can test a non-
standard serial port without a CTSCOMn environment variable.
For example, if you want to test the port at address 01E0
(hex), you would enter:
C:> PortInfo /A 1E0 <Enter>
5.3 Quick Test
You may tell PortInfo to do a "quick test" if you are in a
hurry to just check out a port setting. The quick test skips
most of the conflict tests, so it will generally not detect
port conflicts. You can specify the quick test for both a
single port test and the complete system test. To specify
the quick test, add a "/Q" (for Quick) to the command line
as shown below:
Example 1: Do a quick test on all ports:
C:> PortInfo /0 /Q <Enter>
Example 2: Do a quick test on COM3:
C:> PortInfo /3 /Q <Enter>
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5.4 Log File
PortInfo can create a copy of all messages and the summary
screen on your disk that you can use to refer to when
installing new equipment in your computer. When you use the
"/L" command line switch, PortInfo creates a file named
"PORTINFO.LOG" in your default directory. This file contains
all information that is displayed on the screen while
PortInfo runs.
Example: Do a full system test, and save the results in the
"PORTINFO.LOG" file:
C:> PortInfo /0 /L <Enter>
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5.5 Network Considerations
While searching for serial port and interrupt (IRQ)
conflicts, PortInfo performs a very intensive test of your
computer system interrupts. One result of this testing is
that it is possible to lose your network connection after
running PortInfo. You can restore your network connection by
just logging out and back in, or you can avoid the problem
entirely if you know what IRQ your network card is using.
PortInfo includes the ability to exclude any IRQ or port
address from the test. By ensuring that your network card
IRQ is excluded, you will avoid interference with the
network. If your network card is installed at an address
that conflicts with a normal serial port address, you should
also exclude the address from the test.
To exclude one or more IRQs from being tested, you can use
the "/XIi" command line switch. The "/XIi" switch causes
PortInfo to eXclude Irq "i" from being tested.
Example: Exclude IRQ 5 (used by the network card) from a
full system test:
C:> PortInfo /0 /Xi5 <Enter>
NOTE: you can exclude multiple IRQs by using multiple "/XIi"
commands
Example: Exclude a network card at address 2E8 using IRQ 5
from a full system test:
C:> PortInfo /0 /Xi5 /XA2E8 <Enter>
This example demonstrates the use of the eXclude Address
switch "/XAaaa". This switch will prevent PortInfo from
testing a port residing in the address block including
address "aaa".
NOTE: an "address block" is defined for this discussion as
eight consecutive addresses starting with an address ending
in "0" or "8".
The example above excludes testing of the eight addresses
located at 2E8-2EF.
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5.6 The PortInfo Summary Screen
PortInfo completes operation by displaying a summary of all
information it gathered while testing. The following is a
sample display for a system with four or less serial ports
(eight columns are displayed for more serial ports.) Each
item on the display is discussed in the following sections.
PortInfo Summary Screen
Serial 1 Serial 2 Serial 3 Serial 4
Port Address (Hex) 3F8 2F8 3E8 N/A
Interrupt (IRQ) 4 3 10
IRQ (Out2) Enabled No Yes No
DOS uses port as Com1 Mouse Com3 N/A
Type of Port T/Port 16450 16550A Display
Buffer - Trigger None None On-8
Speed 19200 1200 2400
Bits / Character 8 7 8
Parity None None None
Stop Bits 1 1 1
Clear to Send On Off Off
Data Set Ready On Off Off
Ring Indicator Off Off Off
Data Carrier Detect On Off Off
Data Terminal Ready Off On Off
Request to Send Off On Off
5.6.1 Port Configuration
5.6.1.1 Port Address
This line shows the "base port address" in
hexadecimal for each serial port detected. The
"base port address" is the first address used by
the serial port. Serial ports normally use eight
address locations, so the term "base port address"
is used to refer to the first address used. In the
example displayed above, the COM1 base port
address is 03F8 (hex). The serial port actually
uses eight consecutive addresses starting at 03F8
and ending at 03FF (hex).
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5.6.1.2 Interrupt (IRQ)
The Interrupt (IRQ) line of the display shows the
actual hardware interrupt used by the serial port.
This value is determined by testing the serial
port. If a NOTE is displayed in this field, then
there is a possible conflict with this port that
will cause a problem if you try to use the port.
5.6.1.3 IRQ (Out2) Enabled
This line shows the current status of the OUT2
line for the serial port. The OUT2 line is a UART
control line used by some communication software
to enable the IRQ. A serial port cannot generate
interrupts when this line is disabled, OR when
another serial port that uses the same IRQ line is
enabled.
If you have two serial ports sharing an IRQ with
an "Enabled" status, or if you have a problem
using one port when the other shows an "Enabled"
status, then you need to disable the OUT2 line on
the inactive port. You can do this with two
different utilities provided in the SPU.
"ResetCom" will restore a serial port to it's
original power-up status, and "IRQ" provides you
with direct control of the IRQ (Out2) line. These
utilities are described below.
5.6.1.4 DOS uses port as
This line will show how DOS expects to use this
port. If a mouse is detected, the word "Mouse"
will be displayed as shown for above for Serial 2.
Otherwise, the field will contain the DOS default
port assignments as detected by your system bios
at boot-up time. If the letters "N/A" are
displayed, then the port is Not Available for use
by commands like the DOS Mode command. You can
adjust these port assignments with the DOS_COM and
DOS_SWAP utilities provided with PortInfo.
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5.6.1.5 Type of Port
The Type of Port line describes the type of UART
detected by PortInfo. If no UART was detected for
the port, the letters "N/A" will be displayed.
Also notice that the word "Display" appears on the
COM4 port. There are some display cards, including
the Diamond Stealth, the ATI Ultra Graphics, and
others which emulate IBM 8514/A displays that use
the address space normally reserved for COM4.
PortInfo detects the presence of many of these
displays and identifies the port as such.
NOTE: that there are two types of UARTs which
software cannot tell apart: the 8250A and the
16450. PortInfo chooses to display this UART type
as a "16450" since the 16450 is the most common
UART used today. Other diagnostic software may
identify the UART as an 8250A (or even an 8250,
which is incorrect).
5.6.1.6 Buffer - Trigger
One of the unique features of PortInfo is it's
ability to sense not only the status of the FIFO
buffer on a 16550A, but also to detect what
receiver trigger level is being used. This line
will display "None" for those UARTs that do not
have buffers, Off for 16550A compatible UARTs
whose buffers are not enabled, and On-#, where #
will be 1, 4, 8, or 14 to show that the FIFO
buffer receiver trigger is set to.
The receiver trigger level for a 16550A UART
determines when it will issue an interrupt
request. If the trigger is set to 14, the UART
will issue the interrupt after 14 of the 16 spots
in the buffer are filled. This reduces the number
of interrupts generated by the UART, but only
leaves three character times for the PC to service
the interrupt before data is lost. Reducing the
trigger level to 8 increases the number of
interrupts (1 interrupt for every 8 characters
received), but greatly reduces the possibility of
data loss since the PC has 9 character periods
before an overrun will occur. If you experience
data loss at high speed in a communication
program, try exiting to DOS while connected and
run PortInfo on the port. If the Buffer - Trigger
shows "Off", then your software may not support
the 16550A UART. You can try enabling the buffer
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with the trigger set to one (1) with the "Buffer"
utility and then exit to your communication
software. This change may cause your communication
software to lock up, however. If so, your only
recourse is to contact the software manufacturer
for an update, or change to another communications
application.
If PortInfo displays "On-14", try using the
"Buffer" utility to reset the trigger level to
eight (8). This should reduce or eliminate the
overrun problem. Making this change should not
adversely affect your communications software, but
may eliminate your overrun problems.
5.6.2 Port Settings
The following port settings are normally controlled by
your communication software.
5.6.2.1 Speed (BPS)
This line shows the current port data rate in bits
per second (BPS). You normally control this value
in your communication program, but you can change
this value with the DOS Mode command, or with the
COM_BPS utility provided with PortInfo. The
advantage of the COM_BPS utility is that it allows
setting data rates up to 115,200 bps, and supports
ports not recognized by DOS.
NOTE: to convert to characters per second, you
normally divide the BPS value by 10. That is, a
serial port sending characters at 19,200 bps is
sending 1,920 characters (or bytes) per second.
5.6.2.2 Bits / Character
The bits per character line displays the number of
data bits used for each character. Allowable
values are 5, 6, 7, and 8. You can control the
bits per character with the COM_FMT utility
provided with PortInfo. This setting is normally
controlled by your communications software, but is
provided here for control of non-standard ports
not supported by the DOS Mode command.
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5.6.2.3 Parity
The Parity line shows the current parity bit
setting for the port. The possible values are
None, Even, Odd, Mark, and Space. You can control
the port format with the COM_FMT utility provided
with PortInfo.
5.6.2.4 Stop Bits
This line shows the number of stop bits sent with
each character. Valid values for the number of
stop bits are 1, 1.5, and 2. You can control the
number of stop bits with the COM_FMT utility
provided with PortInfo.
5.6.3 Hardware Signals
The serial port hardware signals are used by different
modems and devices in different ways. The RTS line is
often used for hardware flow control, or it may be used
to provide power to a portable modem. It's also
possible for a cable, connector, or a serial port board
to provide a means of looping back, or connecting lines
to each other. If you see a hardware line listed as "On
- DTR" or "Off - RTS", then this means that the line
indicated is in the state shown, and it *may* be
connected to the line indicated. These results can be
affected by the devices connected to the serial port.
You can disconnect the device and cables to determine
where the loopback condition occurs.
Common uses for each line are discussed below.
5.6.3.1 Clear to Send
The Clear To Send (CTS) line is commonly used by
modems and other devices for "hardware flow
control". Flow control is used to prevent data
from being sent faster than it can be processed.
The CTS line is input only - it is controlled by
the device attached to your serial port. Your
modem can use the CTS line to start and stop the
flow of data sent by your computer when your
software supports hardware flow control.
The CTS line is normally "Off" when the serial
port has nothing connected to it, or if it is
connected to a device like a serial mouse or a
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scanner. When your serial port is connected to a
Hayes compatible modem, and the modem is turned
on, CTS should be "On" at all times except when
the modem is connected to a remote system, and the
modem has signalled the software to stop sending
information. If you detect that CTS is not "On"
for your modem when there is no connection, then
you may have one of the following conditions: 1)
Your cable between the serial port and the modem
does not contain the CTS line. This means you will
NOT be able to use hardware flow control with your
modem; 2) Your modem is not a true Hayes-
compatible modem; 3) Your modem is not operating
correctly; or 4) Your serial port is not working
correctly.
5.6.3.2 Data Set Ready
The Data Set Ready (DSR) is a line which
historically is used by modems (data sets) to
signal when they are connected to a remote modem
and ready to send data. This line is input only -
it is controlled by the device attached to your
serial port.
Most modems today allow you to configure how this
line is used. The default for Hayes and compatible
modems is to turn this line "On" when the modem is
powered on. On some modems, you can also configure
this line to be "Off" at all times except when
connected with a remote modem.
5.6.3.3 Ring Indicator
The ring indicator line is normally used by modems
to signal that a ring was detected on the phone
line. This line is input only - it is controlled
by the device attached to your serial port.
PortInfo will normally detect this line as "Off"
with a modem unless you manage to get a ringing
signal at the exact moment PortInfo checks the
status of the line.
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5.6.3.4 Data Carrier Detect
The Data Carrier Detect (DCD) line is normally
used by a modem to signal that the modem is
connected to a remote modem and ready to exchange
information. This line is input only - it is
controlled by the device attached to your serial
port.
Many modems can be configured so that DCD is "On"
all of the time with a command (the &C command is
used by Hayes and true compatible modems) or with
a switch on the modem.
5.6.3.5 Data Terminal Ready
The Data Terminal Ready (DTR) line is a line
output by the serial port to the connected device.
Historically, the DTR line was used by old "dumb
terminals" to signal the modem that they were
ready to receive data.
The DTR line typically has two different uses
today with modems. Most common is to use the DTR
line to end a connection. Your modem can look for
a signal from your communication software to force
a hangup. In some cases, this will also hang up
the modem.
The second use for this line is to provide power
to the "line powered" portable modems introduced
over the last couple of years. Some portable
modems have no power supply or batteries, and
actually use the telephone line, the DTR line, and
the RTS line (see below) to supply their power. If
you have one of these modems, then make sure that
DTR is high if you try to use the modem. Most
communication software does this automatically,
but some utilities that send modem commands from
the DOS prompt may not. You can use the "DTR"
utility that comes with PortInfo to control the
DTR line.
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5.6.3.6 Request to Send
The Request to Send (RTS) line is another line
output by the serial port to the connected device.
This line typically is used for hardware (RTS/CTS)
flow control. When this line is "On", the serial
port is requesting that the modem send data.
A second use for this line is to provide
additional power to the "line powered" modems as
discussed in the paragraph above. You can use the
"RTS" utility provided with PortInfo to control
the RTS line.
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6.0 The Other Utilities
There are a number of additional utilities provided with
PortInfo. These utilities are very specific in nature, and are
provided to give you a standard user interface and source of
support. You can also use these utilities to test the PortInfo
utility.
6.1 BUFFER
BUFFER controls the internal buffer in a 16550A or
compatible serial port. You can use this utility to turn the
FIFO buffer "On" with any of the four ( 1, 4, 8, and 14)
valid receiver trigger levels, or to turn the buffer off. In
general, application software which can support a 16550A
UART will control the buffer correctly.
The primary use of this utility is to: 1) turn off a 16550A
buffer which was not turned off by an application; and 2) to
provide a way to adjust the buffer setting for a software
application which has the trigger level set too high.
If you have old software which does not support a 16550A,
and you are experiencing an occasional overrun error (this
often appears as a retry during a file transfer with an
"error-free" connection), then you can try turning the
buffer on with different trigger levels. This is an
experimental process, and it may not work. In fact, it's
possible your communication software will "lock up" if you
do this.
From the DOS prompt, type "BUFFER" or "BUFFER /?" to display
the command line options and examples.
NOTE: If no trigger level is specified on the command line,
BUFFER will set the receiver trigger level to 14.
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6.2 COM_FMT
COM_FMT sets the character format on a serial port to the
specified value. You can use this to replace the MODE
command provided with DOS on ports that DOS does not detect.
The following chart shows the three character "format" value
used on the command line and the associated description:
Format Description
8N1 Eight data, No parity, 1 stop bit
8N2 Eight data, No parity, 2 stop bits
7E1 Seven data, Even parity, 1 stop bit
7E2 Seven data, Even parity, 2 stop bits
7O1 Seven data, Odd parity, 1 stop bit
7O2 Seven data, Odd parity, 2 stop bits
7M1 Seven data, Mark parity, 1 stop bit
7M2 Seven data, Mark parity, 2 stop bits
7S1 Seven data, Space parity, 1 stop bit
7S2 Seven data, Space parity, 2 stop bits
From the DOS prompt, type "COM_FMT" or "COM_FMT /?" to
display the command line options and examples.
NOTE: most communication applications control this parameter
directly and will change whatever you set with this utility.
6.3 COM_BPS
COM_BPS sets a serial port data rate (in bits per second, or
BPS) to any of the common standard values supported by the
serial port. You can use this to replace the MODE command
provided with DOS on ports that DOS does not detect. The
following data rates are supported by COM_BPS: 110, 300,
600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 14400, 19200, 38400,
57600, and 115200 bits per second (bps). From the DOS
prompt, type "COM_BPS" or "COM_BPS /?" to display the
command line options and examples.
NOTE: most communication applications control this parameter
directly and will change whatever you set with this utility.
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6.4 DOS_COM
The BIOS of your computer system creates a list of detected
serial ports when it boots. Unfortunately, many computers
will only detect the standard serial ports COM1 and COM2.
Some computers will look for the conventional COM3 and COM4
ports as well. You can use the PortInfo summary screen line
"DOS uses port as" to determine whether the BIOS has
detected the serial port.
DOS will only use ports that are detected in the BIOS list
of serial ports. For example, DOS must know a COM3 port
exists if you want to redirect LPT1 to COM3, where you have
a serial printer. If PortInfo shows "DOS uses port as N/A",
then you need to help it out and add COM3 to the list of DOS
ports. You use DOS_COM to do this. From the DOS prompt, type
"DOS_COM" or "DOS_COM /?" to display the command line
options and examples.
6.5 DOS_SWAP
DOS_SWAP exchanges two port addresses in the list of serial
ports used by DOS. From the DOS prompt, type "DOS_SWAP" or
"DOS_SWAP /?" to display the command line options and
examples. You can use the PortInfo summary screen line "DOS
uses port as" to determine whether how your BIOS has
assigned the serial ports it detected.
6.6 DTR
DTR controls the Data Terminal Ready line for the port
specified. You can raise (turn "On") or lower (turn "Off")
the DTR line with this utility. See the discussion on the
DTR line in the section dealing with the PortInfo summary
screen for applications of this utility. From the DOS
prompt, type "DTR" or "DTR /?" to display the command line
options and examples.
6.7 IRQ
IRQ controls the interrupt request line (Out2) from the
serial port specified. Generally, a serial port should have
IRQs disabled (IRQ Status "Off" on the PortInfo screen) at
all times except when the serial port is actually being
used. The major exception to this rule is when a serial
mouse is attached to the serial port. The mouse driver will
enable the interrupt and keep it enabled at all times.
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If you want to try sharing an interrupt between a mouse and
a modem, you can in some cases manage this with IRQ. For
example, if you have a mouse on COM1 and a modem on COM3,
both using IRQ 4, you can run IRQ to disable interrupts on
COM1. Then run your communication program. When you are
finished with your communication program, you can (but
normally you don't have to) run IRQ to re-enable the COM1
interrupt.
NOTE: this will NOT work reliably with a communication
application that is "mouse aware". If you need to share an
interrupt with a mouse-aware application, then you need to
use a utility similar to the CTS "MouseOff" and "MouseOn"
utilities.
From the DOS prompt, type "IRQ" or "IRQ /?" to display the
command line options and examples.
6.8 RESETCOM
RESETCOM resets a serial port to the DOS default condition.
Interrupts are disabled, the port is set to 2400 bits /
second with a character format of 8 data bits, no parity,
and 1 stop bit, and the Request to Send (RTS) and Data
Terminal Ready (DTR) lines are set low. If the port is a
16550A or compatible, the buffers (FIFOs) are also disabled.
There are a few communication applications which do not
properly restore a serial port after completion. ResetCOM
can be used to completely reset the serial port to a well-
defined state.
From the DOS prompt, type "RESETCOM" or "RESETCOM /?" to
display the command line options and examples.
6.9 RTS
RTS controls the Request to Send line for the port
specified. You can raise (turn "On") or lower (turn "Off")
the RTS line with this utility. See the discussion on the
RTS line in the section dealing with the PortInfo summary
screen for applications of this utility. From the DOS
prompt, type "RTS" or "RTS /?" to display the command line
options and examples.
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7.0 PortInfo FAILURE and WARNING Messages
The different types of failures and conflicts detected by
PortInfo are separated into different categories. Each FAILURE
and WARNING message can be referenced by number to the list
below. Steps you can take to correct each of the problems are
described.
The general rule is to pay the most attention to the first
FAILURE message that displays. Once a FAILURE has been detected,
it should be corrected before looking at other problems that may
be reported.
7.1 Interrupt Conflicts
An interrupt conflict message indicates that one or more of
your serial ports is not always generating interrupts. This
can cause a number of "interesting" problems that sometimes
appear and disappear for no apparent reason. Finding the
cause of the problem requires both a tool like PortInfo to
identify that the problem exists, and patience on your part
in taking a systematic approach to fixing the problem.
Please follow the directions carefully.
7.1.1 Message PI-2010
Symptoms: You may have regular or sporadic lockups
using either of the ports at this address.
Solution: As the message indicates, PortInfo is
detecting two separate interrupts when testing a single
serial port address. The typical cause of this is two
different serial ports at the same address (eg, two
separate UARTs defined as COM1). To fix this problem,
it is necessary disable, remove, or reassign one of the
serial ports to another address location.
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7.1.2 Message PI-2020
Symptoms: You will likely get a system lockup, a high
rate of CRC errors (file transfer retries) if using a
modem, a very jerky motion on a serial mouse, or a
combination of these symptoms if you do not resolve
this problem.
Solution: If your software allows use of another port
or IRQ, then you can change the port settings to avoid
this IRQ. A second approach is to temporarily remove or
disable the serial port, and then to run a general
system diagnostic utility like Microsoft's MSD to
determine which other device is using the IRQ. Then you
can decide which one of the two will actually use the
IRQ.
7.1.3 Message PI-2100
Symptoms: You have a serial port that works sometimes,
but not all of the time. You may have any or all of the
symptoms listed for any message in the PI-2000 to PI-
2999 range.
Solution: The usual causes for this error message are
multiple serial ports at the same address, or another
device using the interrupt. Use the solutions described
for PI-2001 and PI-2002.
7.1.4 Message PI-2110
Symptoms: Most applications will lock up when trying to
use this port.
There are three common causes for this message.
Troubleshooting this problem requires a careful and
methodical approach. The basic idea is to reduce your
system to a state where the conflict is no longer
observed, and then add boards back in one at a time to
determine which board is involved with the conflict.
Often (but not always) the board you have most recently
added to your system is the culprit.
Diagnosing and repairing this problem often involves
opening your computer system and removing / installing
boards. Be sure to follow the instructions provided
with your computer system when adding and removing
boards.
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PortInfo is most useful at diagnosing problems if you
run it after installing each board. By making sure that
the system is ok after each board is added, you can
then quickly identify which board is causing the
problem.
7.1.4.1 You have multiple ports at the same
address
This is a common problem with many computers.
There is often a forgotten or unknown serial port
installed in the computer, and adding another port
at the same address location can cause all sorts
of interesting problems. The best way to approach
this problem is to remove all of the add-in boards
that have serial ports from your system. This
includes internal modems as well. Then run
PortInfo to verify that your system is no longer
displaying this error message. If the error still
exists, then it is likely due to one of the other
problems discussed here. If the problem did go
away, then add each of the boards back into your
computer one at a time to determine which board
causes the problem.
After you have identified which board causes the
problem, you should change the serial port address
(or Com# setting) to a selection which not used on
your system.
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7.1.4.2 You have another device using the same
interrupt
Many different devices compete for interrupts with
your serial ports, including other serial ports
(including internal modems), bus mice, network
cards, sound cards, and so on to name several.
While well-behaved serial ports and software will
allow serial ports to share an IRQ, you generally
cannot share an IRQ between a serial port and
another device. Bus mice often use IRQs 2,3,4,5,
or 12, and sound cards commonly use IRQs 5 and 7.
Try removing these cards from your system and then
run PortInfo again to see if the problem still
appears. If the problem still exists, then leave
the boards out and continue diagnosing the problem
following the steps in (1). When you have the
system to the point where the error is no longer
reported, then begin adding your boards back to
the system one at a time, running PortInfo after
you've added each board to determine which board
is involved in the conflict.
7.1.4.3 Your system will not let you share this
interrupt
There are some computer system motherboards which
simply will not let any other device generate
interrupts for IRQs used on the motherboard. For
example, if you have a serial port on one of these
motherboards set to use Com1 / IRQ 4, no other
device will be able to use IRQ 4.
Your only solution, if you need to share these
interrupts to make everything fit, is to disable
the serial ports on the motherboard, and purchase
an add-in serial port card. CTS offers several
options, so be sure to give us a call.
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7.1.5 Message PI-2200
This is an informational message regarding the Telcor
Systems T/Port card. A newer ROM exists for your
T/Port. If you are experiencing problems with the
T/Port, then you should contact Telcor Systems Inc. for
more information.
NOTE: PortInfo is not able to test the IRQ used by the
T/Port when this message is displayed.
7.1.6 Message PI-2300
Symptoms: If you use well-behaved software, and if your
hardware allows sharing interrupts, then everything
will be fine. If not, then you can have problems
ranging from serial ports which work intermittently to
complete system lockups.
Solution: Make sure the hardware will allow the
interrupt to be shared among multiple devices, and that
your software will make the IRQ inactive on the board
it uses after it has completed use. You may not use two
devices at the same time on the same interrupt.
7.2 Port Conflicts
Port conflicts normally indicate that there are two serial
ports located at the same address. This is commonly done
when installing new serial cards or modems into an older
machine without knowing for certain what equipment is
already installed.
7.2.1 Message PI-3000
Symptoms: System lockup or failure of a communication
application to successfully use a modem.
Solution: You definitely have a conflict between a
serial port and another device, possibly another serial
port, at the same address location. Remove or disable
the port which fails the test, and run PortInfo again.
If another port is reported at the same address, then
you have a conflict between two serial ports. If no
other serial port is detected at that address, then you
have a conflict with another device. Common conflicts
involve local area network cards.
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7.2.2 Message PI-3100
Symptoms: Your system may lock up, or the display may
show meaningless characters ("garbage").
Solution: You cannot use a serial port at the normal
COM4 address location if this message appears. The
display adaptor on your video card is installed at the
address normally used for Com4.
7.3 Mouse Conflicts
PortInfo looks for conflicts between your mouse and your
serial ports. Most conflicts are detected by the interrupt
conflict tests. However, PortInfo also checks for possible
future conflicts.
7.3.1 Message PI-4000
This is a WARNING message that your bus mouse is using
one of the IRQs normally used by the Com1 or Com2
serial ports. If you are not using this port for any
connections, then you will not have any problems. If
you do use Com1 and Com2 for your communications and
they are using the standard IRQs (Com1 / IRQ 4, Com2 /
IRQ 3), then you need to change the IRQ used by the
serial port or the bus mouse to resolve the conflict.
7.4 DOS Port Assignments
The DOS port assignments are determined by a data table that
is created by your computer system BIOS when the system is
powered up or reset. The BIOS detects the ports installed in
your computer and places them in a data area for use by DOS
and application software.
Unfortunately, different BIOS implementations work
differently, so there are often inconsistencies in how the
serial ports are used. Many systems will only look for two
comm ports, and no system looks for more than four. The BIOS
also doesn't follow conventions in assigning a port at a
particular address to the proper Com port number. To further
confuse the issue, many applications do not use this data
area because of the inconsistencies and address the ports
directly by address. This leads to the situation where two
different applications use the same device through
"different" ports.
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The best general rule is to always install ports in
sequential order...that is, do not skip a port number. Make
the first port Com1, the second Com2, and so on.
PortInfo attempts to make sense of what is in your data area
so you can adjust, or at least understand what is going on.
7.4.1 Message PI-5000
Symptom: You've assigned the port speed with the DOS
"MODE" command, but it is changed by a DOS MODE command
to another port.
Solution: You've apparently run a utility to swap or
install additional serial ports into the BIOS data
area. It is usually best to restore the ports to their
normal locations after you use the application which
required the exchange. See the discussion on the
DOS_SWAP or DOS_COM utilities provided with the SPU
will do this.
7.4.2 Message PI-5010
Symptom: PortInfo does not detect a serial port that
your system detected. This can be caused by the
improper use of the DOS_COM (or similar) utility, or
you may have a non-standard serial port the PortInfo
cannot detect (at the time this manual was written,
PortInfo successfully detects all known ports).
Solution: Make sure that you do not have a utility that
is "installing" a non-existent port into the BIOS data
area.
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7.4.3 Message PI-5020
Symptom: You have a device that is accessed through a
serial port in one application, but has to be accessed
through a different serial port (or cannot be accessed)
in another application.
Solution: The problem is that the serial port indicated
is not in the correct location in the BIOS data table.
Causes for this include improper use of port
reassignment or installation utilities like DOS_SWAP
and DOS_COM, or you do not have your serial ports
installed in sequential order. You can fix the problem
by making sure that your ports are installed in
sequential orders, starting with Com1, and then
avoiding the use of the port installation/reassignment
software.
7.4.4 Message PI-5030
Symptom: You've just installed a new serial port, and
one or more applications cannot detect it.
Solution: If your application uses the BIOS data area,
then you will need to install the serial port using the
DOS_COM or similar utility. Many BIOS implementations
do not detect Com3 and Com4 serial ports, so this is a
common problem.
7.4.5 Message PI-5040
Symptom: You have a serial port installed that is not
detected one or more of your applications.
Solution: See the solution for PI-5030.
7.5 Other CTS Software Detected
The CTS Utility SwapIRQ can affect the reporting of IRQs
used by some diagnostic software. PortInfo is "aware" of
SwapIRQ and notifies you that it is still active.
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7.5.1 Message PI-6000
Symptoms: Just an informational message to let you know
that SwapIRQ was detected and temporarily disabled by
PortInfo. The PortInfo reports will not be affected by
the presence of SwapIRQ.
Solution: You should disable SwapIRQ when your
application has finished with it by using the "/D"
command line switch.
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8.0 Customer Support Policy
Customer support is provided via telephone, fax, and electronic
mail. We provide from 30 to 90 minutes of support (depending on
the license you obtained) for any registered user within the
following guidelines:
1. We are in the office and happy to assist with your problems
during normal business hours (US east coast). We always answer
the phone whenever we are in (other hours). If you are unable to
catch us "live", please leave a detailed message, we will reply
via fax, electronic mail (E-mail), or regular mail.
2. Messages sent to us on CompuServe E-mail will usually receive
a reply within 24 hours.
3. We will be happy to assist with SPU installation problems
before you register. However, we cannot provide technical
assistance until we've actually received your registration. We
can register you over the phone via credit card if you need
immediate assistance.
Be prepared to answer the following questions before you call for
assistance:
* The version number of your CTS Serial Port Utilities. You
can view this information in the program title by starting
any of the utilities.
* The brand name and model number of your computer.
* What equipment you have in your computer. A general purpose
diagnostic program such as Microsoft's MSD can be helpful in
determining what other equipment is installed.
* The version of DOS you are using (type "VER" at the DOS
prompt).
* A complete description of the problem.
* Can you duplicate the series of steps that results in the
problem?
* Did an error message appear? What did it say?
You may contact CTS via voice phone at 404-263-8623 during normal
business hours (Eastern Time Zone), or 24 hours / day via FAX at
404-263-0124 and on CompuServe at 76662,2315.
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9.0 About Computer Telecommunication Systems
Computer Telecommunication Systems, Inc. was formed in 1990 to
provide new communication software products, custom programming
services, and consulting on personal computer asynchronous
communications. We currently offer (as of February, 1994) the
following products and services:
9.1 AT Command Test
AT Command Test (ATCT) is a software application that
performs a comprehensive test of the AT command set of any
modem claiming to be "Hayes Compatible". ATCT tests most of
the standard modem commands, all result codes, and many
other characteristics. ATCT provides three different reports
of command set compatibility with nine different Hayes modem
product lines.
ATCT is used today both as a qualification tool for
purchasing modems by major corporations, and as a diagnostic
tool for testing modems returned to corporate support
services prior to obtaining warranty service.
Contact CTS for more information.
9.2 SwapIRQ
A small utility that allows software to use IRQs that are
not supported directly by the software. For example, a
communication application that supports COM3 on IRQ 4 can
now use COM3 on any IRQ. Or, a game that requires a sound
card on IRQ 7 can now use a sound card that generates
interrupts on IRQ 5. Contact CTS for more information.
9.3 MouseOFF and MouseON
MouseOff disables a serial mouse, allowing a modem or other
device using the same interrupt (IRQ) to operate without
interference. MouseOn re-enables the mouse after you have
finished using the other device. MouseOff and MouseOn are
especially useful in sharing an interrupt between a mouse
and a modem when the communications software detects and
tries to use the mouse.
9.4 Serial Cards (Comm Ports)
We carry a variety of serial cards that contain 16550A or
compatible UARTs.
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9.5 Cables / Adapters
We have a variety of serial cables, null modems, and 9 pin /
25 pin adapters.
9.6 Custom Programming Services
Call us to discuss your special communications software
requirements.
9.7 New Products
This manual may be several years old by the time you read
this! Call us to see what's new!
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